Mapping the Distribution and Types of Aedes aegypti Breeding Sites in the Urban Area of Santa Maria - RS

Abstract

This study analyzes the distribution of types of water containers where Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were found in the urban area of Santa Maria (RS) between 2018 and 2023. Using spatial analysis tools, thematic maps were created from data provided by the Daily Records of the Antivector Service, made available by the Environmental Surveillance of the municipality. The analyses revealed significant variability in the types of containers over the years and in the distribution of potential Aedes aegypti breeding sites. The most common breeding sites are artificial containers, particularly types B and D2, while type A1 is rare. Areas with the highest density of breeding sites were identified in the neighborhoods of Juscelino Kubitschek, Nova Santa Marta, Pinheiro Machado, and Camobi, all of which have high population densities. The diversity of containers where the mosquito can reproduce highlights that certain categories of breeding sites pose a higher risk than others, according to the classification used. However, this analysis should be integrated with other factors in a multiscale approach for more effective vector control.