LOCAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE (LEK) OF ARTISANAL FISHERMEN REGARDING THE ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPORTANCE OF FISH IN THE SANTA CRUZ RESERVOIR, BRAZILIAN SEMIARID REGION

Abstract

This study addresses the Local Ecological Knowledge (LEK) of artisanal fishermen in the community of Apodi, Rio Grande do Norte, highlighting socio-economic aspects and characteristics of fishing activities. The research emphasizes the importance of understanding the interaction between artisanal fishermen, the environment, and environmental knowledge to guide sustainable public policies and management practices. The methodology included structured interviews and socio-economic analysis, revealing a predominance of male fishermen, challenges in generational renewal, and a correlation between low education levels and time constraints due to fishing demands. Educational interventions, such as lectures and practical activities, addressed gaps in local ecological knowledge, proving effective in enhancing understanding. Results underscored the complexity of relationships between the fishing community and the environment, highlighting the coexistence of traditional and modern techniques in artisanal fishing. Species such as tucunaré, tilapia, and curimatã were identified as significant, although a solid understanding of introduced species was noted, with gaps in the identification of native species. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of multidisciplinary approaches and tailored educational strategies to promote sustainable fishing practices. The study stands out for the effectiveness of educational interventions and provides a solid foundation for future research focused on sustainability in fishing communities.